{"id":20,"date":"2013-05-01T13:02:10","date_gmt":"2013-05-01T13:02:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/aizawl\/?page_id=20"},"modified":"2022-08-05T04:52:19","modified_gmt":"2022-08-05T04:52:19","slug":"species-of-silkworm","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/species-of-silkworm\/","title":{"rendered":"Species of Silkworm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Species of Silkworm<\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\tCSR2 \u00d7 CSR4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tDouble hybrid: (CSR6 \u00d7 CSR26) \u00d7 (CSR2 \u00d7 CSR27)\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR16 \u00d7 CSR17\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tGEN3 \u00d7 GEN2\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

\n\t\t \n\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\tPM x CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tND7 x CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tNDV6 x CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tL14 \u00d7 CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"\"\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/br><\/p>\n

\n\t\tEarlier attempts to rear bivoltine hybrids resulted only a sporadic success and that too confined only to some seasons of the year, when climatic conditions are not hostile to silkworms The bivoltine breeds developed earlier were with an objective to have higher pupation rate and all the other characters balanced at a moderate level for enabling easy rearing by the farmers. Therefore, limited hybrid vigour could be realized when two such breeds are crossed because both the breeds are on par in almost all the characters. This is one of the reasons for lack of productive bivoltine hybrids in India. Therefore, in CSR&TI, Mysore new breeding programmes were formulated for the development of productive hybrids . This has resulted in the evolution of a series of productive bivoltine breeds (CSR) with high survival and cocoon shell percentage. By systematic evaluation of large number of crosses involving these parents, highly productive hybrids with high quality silk could be identified with cocoon shell percentage of 23-24%; raw silk recovery of 18-19% and 2A-3A grade silk.\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\tSuccess in sericulture depends largely on major factors like, breed, seed and feed. Concurrently, appropriate technological supports like disease free environment during rearing and cocooning also play an important role. If the cocoons, which form the basic raw material for raw silk, are from bivoltines will definitely be superior with high silk content. Besides, they possess longer filament length, higher neatness, cleanness, less size deviation, low boil-off ratio, higher tensile strength and less variation in evenness. Hence, bivoltine cocoons form suitable raw material for the production of gradable raw silk as compared to polyvoltine x bivoltine cocoons. Keeping the requirement of the industry in view, various countries have developed breeds \/ hybrids to suit their local agro climatic conditions to increase the quality and productivity. In this context, silkworm breeds \/ hybrids play a very important role in the development of sericulture industry. In tropical countries, high temperature, low humidity, poor rearing management poor mulberry quality, high incident of diseases etc are mainly responsible for partial success of crops at the farmers level. To suit the prevailing conditions, robust breeds \/ hybrids are required. Among various factors that are attributed to the poor performance of the bivoltine strains under tropical conditions the important aspect is that many quantitative characters such as viability and cocoon traits decline sharply when temperature is higher than 28°C.\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\tThe ultimate success of identification of promising silkworm hybrids is assessed by the superiority of the commercial traits of the parental strains that appears in F1 hybrid. Hybrid vigour in silkworm has received a considerable attention because of marked effect of the yield components. It is well documented that F1 hybrids are superior to their parents in many qualitative and quantitative characters. The superiority of the hybrids is judged by their cocoon yield and yield attributes as compared to their parents. Among various genetic principles and breeding techniques, the utilization of hybrid vigor was one of the major breakthroughs which contributed to the success. Depending upon various factors, different cross-breeding techniques have been employed. Multivoltine (MV) x MV, (ex: PM x C Nichi, PM x C110) mainly for rain fed, low input conditions; MV x Bivoltine (BV) (ex: PM x CSR2, MH1 x CSR2) for average climatic and input conditions and BV x BV (ex: CSR2 x CSR4) for favorable season and\/or better input conditions. Research institutes have developed suitable robust BV x BV hybrid combinations (ex: KSO-1xSP2, CSR18 x CSR19) for average conditions and double hybrids (BV x BV) x (BV x BV) for high input conditions.\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\tAuthorization of silkworm hybrids grants recognition to silkworm hybrids for commercial exploitation. The co-ordinated hybrid test is conducted by Central Silk Board (CSB), Bangalore, Government of India, in each year in different seasons at different test centres all over India simultaneously. Based of performance, several hybrids have been authorized at national level and the list of hybrids authorized in recent years is given below:\n\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\tSl No\n\t\t<\/th>\n\n\t\t\tCombination\n\t\t<\/th>\n\n\t\t\tHybrid\n\t\t<\/th>\n\n\t\t\tRecommended for\n\t\t<\/th>\n\n\t\t\tSeason\n\t\t<\/th>\n\n\t\t\tAuthor-ization Date\n\t\t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t1\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR2 × CSR4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India, Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSpring, Rainy\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 8-5-1997\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR6 × CSR26  ×  CSR2 × CSR27\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tDouble hybrid\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tThroughout India\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSpring, Rainy\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t3\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR48 × CSR5\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India, Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSpring, Rainy\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tDUN6 × DUN22\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tNorth India\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSpring, Rainy\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t5\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR2A × CSR4A\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India, Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSpring, Rainy\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t6\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBL67 × CSR19\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tThroughout India\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t7\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMYSORE × CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India,Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t8\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tN × YB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tWB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t9\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBL67A × CSR101A\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India,Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t10\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tVaruna (BL24 × C.NICHI)\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSouth India,Temperate\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t11\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tN × M12(W)\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMH\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tWB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSummer\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 15-09-2005\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t12\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAPS105 × APS126\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAP, TN, WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t13\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAPS45 × APS12\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tTN, JK\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t14\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCSR46 × CSR47\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tUK , HP, UP, KR, AP, OR, WB, AS\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t15\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tDUN17 × DUN18\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tHP,KR,WB,AS\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t16\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tGEN3 × GEN2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAP,TN,WB,AS,JK\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t17\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKSO1 × NP4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,HP,JK\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t18\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tNK2 × NP4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAS,JK\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t19\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tSLD4 × SLD8\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tBV\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,AP,TN,WB,AS,JK\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t20\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAPDR15 × APDR115\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t21\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAPM2 × APDR105\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,AP,TN,WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t22\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAPM3 × APS12\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t23\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMCON1 × BCON4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,AP,TN,WB,JR\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t24\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMCON4 × BCON4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tWB,OR,JR,AS\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t25\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMH1 × CSR2\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tUP,KR,AP,TN,OR\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t26\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tPM × CSR2(SL)\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tCB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,AP,TN,AS,MN\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t27\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMCON1 × MCON4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMH\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tKR,AP,TN,WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t28\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tN × MCON4\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMH\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAP,TN,WB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t\t\t29\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tPM × C110\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tMH\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tWB\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\tAll Seasons\n\t\t<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t 18-04-2010\n\t\t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

Source:<\/h5>\n

\n\t\tCentral Sericulture Research & Training Institute, Mysore, Karnataka\n\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\tPackage of Practices of Mulberry Sericulture for Eastern and North Eastern Region, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Berhampore, West Bengal\n\t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Species of Silkworm CSR2 \u00d7 CSR4 Double hybrid: (CSR6 \u00d7 CSR26) \u00d7 (CSR2 \u00d7 CSR27) CSR16 \u00d7 CSR17 GEN3 \u00d7 GEN2   PM x CSR2 ND7 x CSR2 NDV6 x CSR2 L14 \u00d7 CSR2 Earlier attempts to rear bivoltine hybrids resulted only a sporadic success and that too confined only to some seasons of the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":612,"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions\/612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/silks.csb.gov.in\/sikkim\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}