THEIHMU PANGANG CHI/TUI SIAM DAN
Pangang chi siamna hmun leh a hmanrua tihfai dan
- Pangang chi siam hna tan hmain a siamna in leh hmanruate chu fai taka tihfai hmasak tur
- Bleaching Powder 5% tuiin pindan chhung leh hmanruate chu hna tan hma ni khat a la awmah silfai vek tur.
- Hmanraw silfai tawh sate chu nisaah darkar 3 – 4 chhung tal pho leh vek tur.
- A chi siam hna chu zawh fel a nih tukah 2% formalin-in emaw 0.5 – 1% lime emaw 0.5% detergent-in Square meter khat zelah tui litre 1-a pawlhin tihfai nghal vek tur a ni.
Pangang chi tur Cocoon phurh dan tur
- Cocoon chu thawl deuh takin Palstic Crates-ah emaw bawm rangah emaw buara- ah emaw dah thin tur a ni.
- Cocoon te hi a chi siamna-ah dah turin zing daiah emaw tlai daiah boruak lum lutuk loh laia phurh thin tur a ni.
Buhchium en fiahna
- Cocoon tha lote chu thlan chhuah hmasak vek tur a ni.
- Buhchium chu a pumah chep bungin Microscope-ah enfiah tur a ni.
- A enfiahnaah hian Pebrine hmuh a nih chuan paih nghal vek tur a ni.
- Enfiahna (examination) hmun chu uluk taka tihfai nghal bawk tur a ni.
A chi siam nana hman tur cocoon dahthat dan leh ven him dan
- Heng Cocoon te hi dawn a nih veleh tray-ah inthuah lo tura chap darhin boruak thianghlim dawntir ngei tur a ni.
- Cocoon him lo leh sawngnawi deuhte chu thlan chhuaha paih vek tur a ni.
- Tichuan Cocoon tha hlang deuhte chu dah that thin tur.
- A dah thatna pindanah hian boruak inlumlet tha a awm theih nan tukverh leh ventilator te hawnga dah nise.
- He pindanah hian boruak lum zawng (temperature) chu 25oC emaw a aia 1oC a sang emaw hniam emaw a ni tur a ni a, boruak hnawn zawng 75±5%, eng darkar 16 chhung leh thim darkar 8 chhung a hmu ngei tur a ni.
- Rual lo taka buhchium a lo chhuah loh nan, an chhuah hma ni khat chhung chuan eng engmah hmu lovin dah tur a ni.
Buhchium atanga phengphehlep lo chhuak
- A hun pangngai aia hmaa chhuahtir tur chuan Cocoon 50 – 60 te chu la hrangin a bika siam bawmah dah tur a ni.
- Boruak lum lam chu 32 – 33oC a ni tur a ni a, hei hian buhchium atanga phengphehlep a inlip a tihma thei a ni.
- Phengphehlep lo chhuak tawhte hi uluk takin natna hrik an pai leh pai loh Microscope hnuaiah en leh vek tur a ni.
Rual zawka phengphehlepa an lo chhuah, inpawltir leh inphelhtir leh tuitir dan:
- Phengphehlep chhuak tura beisei ni hma chiahah eng hmu miah lo tura siam tur a ni.
- A nu leh pa te than dan a inrual dawn lova kan hriat chuan a paho than tihtlai nan 5-7°C temperature leh 75± 5% humidity ah ni 3-4 chhung kan lo dah rih thei a ni.
- A pa hrisel leh harhvang takte chu a nu nen inpawltir tur a ni.
- Phengphehlepa an lo inlip hnu darkar 1-2 hnuah chuan a nu nen darkar 3 leh a chanve atanga darkar 4 inpawltir tur.
- An inpawl hnu chuan a nu leh a pate chu muangchanga phelh tur a ni.
- Tichuan a nu chu la hrangin zuntir tur a ni.
- Chumi hnuah chuan hmun eng lutuk lovah a pui chu a tuina tur lehkhaah tui tura dah tawh mai tur a ni.
- A pawltu phengphehlep pa chu 5-7°C temperature-ah darkar 1-2 chhung dah hnuin a nu dang pawltir atan a hman nawn leh theih a ni.
- Heng a chunga kan sawi zawng zawngte hi 25± 1°C temperature leh 75±5% humidity a kan dah hian phengphehlep te tan a tha ber a ni.
Phengphehleppui enfiahna :
- Phengphehlep pui tuite chu uluk taka endik niin, natna hlauhawm (Pebrine) an kai leh kai loh finfiah ngei ngei tur a ni.
Phengphehlep tui tih thianghlim dan :
Phengphehlep tui keu tura buatsaih dan :
- Phengphehlep tuite chu an keu hun hma ni hnihah pindan thimah dah tur a ni a, hei hi rual taka an keu theih nana tih a ni.
- A dahna pindan chu 25±1°C temperature 75±5% humidity, darkar 16 eng leh darkar 8 thimah an awm ngei tur a ni.
Source :
- Package of Practices of Mulberry Sericulture for Eastern and North Eastern Region of India, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Berhampore, West Bengal.
- Mizoram Sericulture, 2006, Published by Department of Sericulture, Aizawl, Mizoram.
NAUTHAK PANGANG TUI/CHI SIAM CHHUAH DAN
A chi siamna in atan chuan a bang dap, a chung di leh a bang hlum/chirh-a zut hi duhthusam a ni a, A in hualin verandah awm thei se, hei hi boruak lum lutuk tihdaihna tur a ni. Nauthak pangangte hi kum khatah tum 6 a vulh theih a, chungte hi an hmingah – Jethua, Aherua, Bhadia, Katia, Haria leh Chatua tih an ni. Heng zingah hian Jethua leh Katia te hi kum khat chhunga a that duh ber lai a ni a, abak 4 te hi chu nipui khaw lum tak tak lai a nih avangin pangang tuite a tha lo a, hun thenkhatah phei chuan pangang tuite chu an keu thei thin lo a ni. Pangang tui chi chhuah tura buatsaih tur te chu Cocoon a nih lai atangin dimdawih taka enkawl tur a ni.
Cocoon thlan dan tur :
Nauthak pangang tui tha siamchhuah nana pawimawh ber leh a hlawhtlinna hnar pakhat chu a chi siamna atana cocoon uluk taka thlan hi a ni.
Chumi atana pawimawh em emte chu hengte hi an ni :-
- Natna atanga fihlim.
- Phengphehlep puikhat tui atanga cocoon 40 tal thar thei.
- Pangang rilzam tan ni atanga a ni 5-na leh ni 9-na inkara mi.
- Cocoon chu a mar/ruh tha tur a ni.
- Cocoon rih zawng chu a pa, 4-5gm leh a nu, 5.5-6.5gm a tlem berah a ni tur a ni.
A chi tur Cocoon phurh dan :
A chi a tana hman tlak ngei tura Cocoon thlanchhuah tawh sate chu a chi siamna hmun (Grainage)-ah boruak daih lai deuha phurh thlen hram tur a ni a. Ni sa lutuk leh insawh nasa lutuk lo tura dah hram hram tur a ni. Cocoon te chu tawt lutuk lovin bawm awngah dah tur a ni.
Cocoon dah that dan :-
Cocoon dah thatte chu inthuah lova chap darhin, kan dahna pindan pawh duhthusamah chuan 26-28°C temperature leh 80-85% humidity ah vawng reng thei ila. Boruak inlumlet tha a ni tur a nih bakah, thlangra khatah Cocoon pa hmun khata then zelah a nu hmun khat leh a chanve vela dah kawp thin tur a ni.
Phengphehlep lo chhuah dan leh tuitir dan :
Cocoon atanga phengphehlep lo chhuakte chu, eng lutuk lova dahin a nu leh pa inpawlte chu kharika-ah tawn beh dun tur a ni a. Kharika hi phelsep 20-25cm vela sei 1cm vela hlai a ni a, phengphehlep chhuah tan nia a nu, a pa nena inpawl lote chu dah hrangin a tukah a pa nena inpawltir tur a ni. An inpawl hun chhung hi a rei lo berah darkar 6-8 a ni tur a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan pawt thenin a nu chu kharika ah chuan ni thum chhung tui tura dah mai tur a ni. A tui tan atanga a ni 4-naah chuan Phengphehlep pui chuan natna hlauhawm Pebrine a kai nge kai lo enfiah vek thin tur a ni. Hemi hun chhung zawng hian 26-28°C temperature leh 75-80% humidity a pindan chu vawn tur a ni.
PANGANG TUI SAWNGBAWL DAN
Phengphehlep pui enfiahna :
An tui tan ni atanga ni 4-naah a pui chu a mal te tein enfiah vek tur a ni a. Hei hi a tam thamah chuan mimal taka thliarin 5-10 pawh hmun khatah a tih theih tho bawk. A enfiah dan chu a hnuaia mi ang hi a ni:
- 0.8% conc. K2CO3 solution chu 6-8ml lain, hetah hian phengphehlep pui chu rawt sawma dah tur a ni.
- Hemi rawtsawmna tui hi test tube ah dah chhawn tur a ni.
- Chu tui chu lapuain thlitfim tur a ni.
- Tui thlitfim tawh chu centrifuge-ah minute 3 chhung 3000-4000 rpm a dah tur a ni.
- A mawnga a nawi awm chu 0.8% K2CO3 solution nen chawhpawlh tur a ni.
- Chawhpawlh zawh hian far 2 vel slide ah dahin, hei hi microscope 600x magnification-ah en tur a ni.
- Microscope-in mi pahnihin vawi khat ve ve an enfiah zel tur a ni.
- Microscope-a en hian kan finfiah ber tur Pebrine spores-te chu a bial sawl a ni ang a, a lo che bawk thin a ni.
- Chu chu fiah taka hmu tur chuan 15x eye piece leh 40x objective (600x magnification) kan mamawh a ni.
PHENGPHEHLEP PUI ENFIAH DAN KAWNG HRANG HRANG TE
A tui lakkhawm leh tihthianghlim dan :
- Phengphehlep tuite chu an tui tan ni atanga ni 4-naah uluk takin Kharika atanga lak tur a ni.
- Heng tuite hi 2% formalin-ah minute 1-2 chiah hnuah tuia fai taka formalin rim nam miah lo tura silfai leh tur.
- Hemi zawhah sahbawn tuia sil leh tur a ni a, hei hian a ban lutuk tur leh an inchar tur a veng dawn a ni.
- Hetianga uluk taka silfai a nih hnu hian lehkha faiah inthuah miah lova chapdarh tur a ni a, a ro thleng hetah hian dah tur.
Phengphehlep tui kentir dan :
- Phengphehlep tuite rual tak leh kim taka boruak nuam tawk tak hnuaia keu tura buatsaih hi Incubation ti a vuah a ni.
- Hemi hun chhung hi ni 8-10 a ni a, temperature duhthusam chu 25±1°C a ni a, humidity 80±5% a ni bawk.
Phengphehlep tui fun leh thawnchhuah dan:
- A tui dahna tur bika siam box emaw, puanah emaw rual taka, a rih zawng gram-a teha dah hran vek tur a ni.
- Vai puan nem awng hi a tha hle a, heng ipte hi box ah phui churh lova dah tur a ni.
- A dahna ip pakhat zelah hian a tui 100gm zel leng tura siam ni se.
- Heng ipte hi box-ah dahin motor-a phurh a nih pawhin engine sa laia dah loh tur a ni.
Phengphehlep pui enfiahna atana hmanraw ngaite :
- Microscope (Eye piece 15x leh objective 40x) = 600
- A rawtna (Motar & Pestle)
- Sakawrbakcheh
- K2CO3 solution (0.08%)
- Formalin (2%)
- Bleaching Powder (5%)
- Wash bottle (Polyropelene/PP)
- Beaker (Polypelene/PP)
- Glass slide
- Measuring cylinder (Polypropelene/PP)
- Tissue paper
- Khawl la
- Plastic bucket
- Tuitirna tur (Kharika)
A lo thianghlim zawk nan :
- Cocoon thi leh thalote chu halral vek tur.
- Cocoon rannungin a ei pawp tawhte chu paih bo zel tur.
- Phengphehlep rawt sawm tawh hnu leh bawlhhlawh dangte chu 5% bleaching powder-ah chiah a nih loh vek chuan hal tur a ni.
- A chi siamna ina luh dawn reng rengin kut chu sahbawna sil hnuah 2% bleaching powder-a sil leh tur.
- Kawngka luhnaa ke tah faina chu 5% formalin a chiah hnawn tur a ni.
Source :
- Sh.Girin Rajkhowa, Dr.Rajesh Kumar, Muga Silkworm Seed Technology and Entomology section, Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles : Govt. of India, Ladoigard 785700, Jorhat (Assam)
- Muga silkworm Seed Organisation, Central Silk Board, Guwahati.
MUTIH PANGANG CHI SIAMCHHUAH DAN
Cocoon thlan dan tur :
- A chi siamna atana hman tur cocoon-te chu a pawn lam lan danah hetiang hi an ni tur a ni – Cocoon ruh tha, lian, pianze mumal tak nei a nih bakah Cocoon Kg.khat zelah 350 aia tam lo a awm tur a ni.
A chi siamna in tihfai dan :
- Pindan leh hmanrua zawng zawngte chu hna tan hma ni 3-ah 5% bleaching powder solution-a silfai vek tur.
- Hetiang chiah hian chi siam hna zawh veleh tih leh vek tur.
- Pebrine natna hmuh chhuah palh a awm a nih chuan 5% formaldehyde solution-in pindan chhung leh hmanrua te chu ur tir tur a ni.
- Ur zawh hian darkar 24 chhung chu pindan tukverh leh kawngkate hawn dar leh vek tur a ni.
Cocoon phurh dan tur :
- Plastic tray-ah cocoon-te chu dahin zing boruak daih laiah emaw tlai daiah a chi siamna hmuna nisa tuar lova phurh thlen thin tur a ni.
Cocoon dah that dan tur :
- A chi siam nana hman tur Cocoon-te chu plastic tray emaw thlangraah emaw indelh thuah miah lova chapin dah tur a ni. Duhthusamah chuan tray 3ftx2ft ah 500 zela dah nise.
Phengphehlep lo chhuah dan leh inpawltir dan :
- Pangangin ril a zam tan ni atanga chhiara ni 17-18 naah phengphehlepte hi nipui lai chuan cocoon atangin an lo chhuak a, thlasik lai erawh chuan, a ni 30-35 na velah an lo chhuak chauh thin a ni.
- Phengphehlepte hi zingah te, tlailamahte pawh an chhuak thin.
- Phengphehlepte hi an lo chhuah veleh a nu leh a pate chu 60:40 a dahin phengphehlep dahna bika siam bawkah dah ho tur an ni. Hetia kan dah ho hun rei vak lovah hian an lo inpawl ta thin a ni.
- Phengphehlep nu leh pa te hi a tlangpuiin darkar 6 chhung vel an inpawl thin.
- Chumi hnu chuan pawh then an ni a, a pui chu tui thei turin Kharika ah dah hran nghal thin a ni.
Phengphehlep pui enfiah dan :
- Phengphehlep puite chu an tui tan atanga ni 3-naah leh ni 4-naahte microscope-a enfiah tur a ni a, hemi atan hian Fujiwara technique hman tur a ni.
Phengphehlep tui lakkhawm dan :
- A tuina Kharika chawpin tray-ah lakkhawm a, a tuite chu kheuh thlak tur a ni a, chumi hnuah Nylon net-ah sil tura chhun khawm leh tur a ni.
Phengphehlep tui tihfai dan tur :
- Minute 5 chhung 0.2% bleaching solution-ah chiah tur.
- Chumi hnuah tuia tleuh fai tur a ni a, sahbawn-a sil a nih hnuah tui thianghlima silfai leh tur a ni.
- Tihro nan lehkha chungah chap darh tur a ni.
- A ro hnuah buk a ni ang a, ti chuan a tui dahna box-ah sem chhuah theiha khung tur a ni.
Source :
Eri Silkworm Seed Production Centre, Azara, Guwahati.
SASAW PANGANG CHI SIAMCHHUAH DAN
A pawimawh hmasa ber chu a chi siam nana hman tur cocoon te uluk taka thliar a ni. Hemi tur atan hian cocoon hrisel, khauh tha leh faite chu thlan tur a ni a, cocoon dup leh ruangam mumal nei lote chu thlan loh tur a ni. Heng cocoon tha thlan chhuahte hi a tihchhe theitu rannungte lakah fihlim ngei tura dahin, a dahna pindan pawh boruak tha awmna a ni ngei tur a ni.
Phengphehlep lo chhuah dan leh inpawltir dan :
- Cocoon atanga phengphehlep a lo chhuah atanga darkar 3-6 inkar velah phengphehlep nu leh pate chu an inpawl tan thin a ni.
- An inpawlna pindan chu a eng lutuk tur a ni lo.
- Boruak lum zawng chu 26-28°C leh 70-80% humidity a ni tur a ni.
- Phengphehlepte chu an inpawl hma darkar 1-ah pindan boruak tih daihsak tur a ni a, tidai turin air cooler hman tur a ni.
Phengphehlep tui tir dan :
- A pui chu bawm chhungah tuitir tura dah hran tur.
- A lo tui that leh zual zawk nan a tui tan hmain a pumah na vak lova hmeh tur a ni a, hei hian nasa takin a tanpui dawn a ni.
Phengphehlep pui enfiah dan :
- A malin emaw a hlawmin emaw phengphehlep puite chuan natna hrik pebrine an pai leh pai loh finfiah tur a ni.
Phengphehlep tui tihfai dan tur:
- Phengphehlep pui tuina lehkha (egg sheet) chu 2% formalin-ah minute 10-15 chhung chiah tur a ni a, hei hian natna hrik lo kai palh leh a hnu zela harsatna a thlen tur lakah a veng thei dawn a ni.
- Formalin solution-a sil hian phengphehlep tuite chu a tuina lehkhaah nghet takin a beitir thei a ni.
Phengphehlep tui keu tir dan :
A keutirna pindan chu 25±1°C temperature leh humidity 75±5% a ni tur a ni a, darkar 16 chhung eng leh darkar 8 chhung thimah a awm tur a ni. A keu tura beisei hma ni hnih velah eng engmah lut lo turin thimah dah tur a ni a, hei hian rual taka an rawn than lenna leh rual taka an keuna tur kawngah nasa takin a pui dawn a ni.
Source :
- Mizoram Sericulture, 2006, Published by Department of Sericulture, Aizawl, Mizoram.
- Sasaw maimaw pangang khawitute thian, 2009, Published by Department of Sericulture, Aizawl, Mizoram.